2002 is the ten year anniversary
of the Rio Earth Summit. And to commemorate the event, the UN hosted
an even bigger event in Johannesburg,
South Africa. The Skyfish Project made a debut here, at the World
Summit on
Sustainable Development. Me-- Severn Cullis-Suzuki, Jeff Topham,
Aaron Mate
(all from Canada), Ian Cheney (USA) and Bertus Louw (South Africa)
were its
representatives.
Johannesburg had to prove itself to the skeptics that said Africa
couldn't host an event like this, with some 40 000 people attending,
as well as some 180 heads of State. The city geared up for the event,
putting welcoming billboards up everywhere, clearing the streets
of unwanted residents (in the tradition of Rio) and the fancy Sandton
Convention Center was full of intense military surveillance; helicopters
hovered overhead.
Jeff and I arrived on day 2 of the Summit, picked up by Bertus,
my awesome
South African friend, and then we picked up Aaron, staying with
his Greenpeace uncle. We drove to Waverley to the Still family
home, where Ian had already arrived. (Tony Still is the head of
Johannesburg water.) Tyler
Welti and Brendan MacKennany (sp?) from Yale also stayed with us.
We set up the Skyfish compound there, we had our own apartment and
the backyard had a ping-pong table and tennis courts; pretty nice.
We hit the ground running-- headed out to the Summit to get registered.
In the Sandton Convention Center, I spent a lot of time in the
bull-pen--the media center-- a huge room full of monitors and stressed-out
journalists drinking coke and coffee from disposable cups. Upstairs
were six floors of
convention rooms, suits and security. It was impossible not to
feel completely overwhelmed. The issues being discussed at the
plenaries were on a global scale: how to end global poverty, how
to provide global sanitation
and clean drinking water, how to prevent loss of biodiversity.
Conferences like this are made of Caucuses, committees, panels and
discussion groups, and many, many versions of documents, as negotiators
lobby for the phrases that best serve their interests. A lot of
paper gets pumped out, to be replaced by the next day's versions.
We had a booth for the Skyfish Project at the NGO forum at NASREC,
a convention center about a 40 minute drive away from the Sandton
Convention Center on the outskirts of town. Since there was no
public transit and the taxis were quite expensive, going back and
forth was out of the question.It definitely left something to be
desired. We would split up, some of us going to the Summit, some
others going to NASREC. There we met other NGOs and got people
to sign our Recognition of Responsibility. Reps for the NGOs were
pretty amazing, from people who are working on water and agricultural
practices to literacy programs to a group of Tibetan exiles who
are traveling all over to get their message out. Meeting them was
pretty
humbling.
One thing we did have was the attention of the media. The press,
bored with
the conference-ness of the conference, were eager to talk to "the
12 year
old in Rio" who was now 22 and back at the Summit. Because
of that angle,I
did interviews on BBC, NHK, CNN, SABC and many other African TV
and radio
stations. We also had a documentary film crew with us, making an
expose of the Summit, as seen through our perspective. That was
a bit trippy, having a film crew with us all the time. They were
great though. And I was glad that they were into exploring outside
the Summit; we visited several townships and the South African cameraman
took us to visit some friends of his in the slums of the inner city.
On the political front of the Summit: Kofi Annan, was, as ever,
trying to keep the perspective of the conference and trying to remind
the leaders of their responsibility for each other and especially
for the poor and the oppressed, and asked them to "stop being
on the economic defensive and become politically courageous."
I think he's a really good guy. Blair re-committed England to the
support of Africa, his "passion." Bragged that England
will exceed their Kyoto numbers, and upped England's aid by 50%.
Mugabe gave a speech renouncing European advice or aid and got a
standing ovation from the African leaders at the plenary. When the
US representative, Secretary of State Colin Powell spoke, two days
late, he got booed and protesters in the crowd ("protesters"
being members of the plenary audience) unfurled banners saying "shame
on Bush", which they also chanted throughout his speech. Poor
guy. The anti-American sentiment was tangible by the end of the
two week conference. Throughout the Summit the US aggression towards
Iraq was just developing, so this was an outside political issue
that was pushing in. The pressure of Israeli-Palestinian conflicts
were evident too-- there were several
Anti-Israel protests, as Shimon Peres was representing Israel at
the summit.
The Summit re-confirmed for me the problems with conferences like
this and
the stark contrast of talk and action. I did a long interview with
Nitin Desai (the Secretary General of the Summit) for the documentary.
I couldn't help asking him straight out if I could address the plenary,
like in Rio. He gave a bureaucrat's answer, saying that he was just
a facilitator of the summit, that individuals have gone through
an extensive process in order to be here, so his hands are tied
in the face of the process. This is one of the dilemmas of conferences
like this, where the lengthy process becomes everything, in the
name of democracy and diplomacy.
By day three we were already pretty exhausted by the Summit.
Luckily, we
bumped into Naomi Klein and Avi Lewis, who let us know about the
Landless
People's rally-- finally a hint of what was going on outside the
summit. We were very excited to see what was going on. The Landless
People's rally was held in a crumbling old movie set on the outskirts
of town, near NASREC. It's been changed into a sort of small stadium.
We got there and the building was full of the "landless people"
-- singing and swaying in the bleachers. The singing was so powerful
and just so different from what we'd been seeing at the Convention
center・it made me want to cry. Then the camera swung in
my face, so that stopped that. Pretty powerful though. Many of
the people
had their land taken by the government for development reasons (malls)
and
were transported to other areas of the sprawling city. Literally
carted off in big trucks, and told that there would be building
materials at the other end・Now they have nothing to lose, so were
here, preparing for the march from the township of Alexandra to
Sandton.These were the infamous "poor" that were being
discussed in the Convention Center everyday. Yet they were
out here, trying to be heard. We participated in the 15 000 people
March held two days later, and marched from the shanty houses of
Alexandra to the towers of Sandton for some 5 hours. We were surrounded
by Africans singing and dancing the whole way, and by people from
all over the world here for the summit. There were people from
every sector, every nook and cranny of social and environmental
activism. It was really amazing. Tanks and soldiers lined the streets,
but there was such a sense of solidarity and peacefulness in the
march. Only when the march stopped at Sandton and became a rally
did things get a little restless, and I was sad to see an Israeli
flag being burned (an instant focus for the press) and heard many
contradicting statements about different political leaders (Mugabe
et. al).Overall, a very moving experience and unlike anything I've
ever been a part of before.
One day, on a Greenpeace tip, we went out with a woman who runs
a small volunteer organization called CLAW that goes out into some
of the poorest
communities and runs veterinary clinics, giving pets shots and flea
baths.
It was a pretty intense picture: we arrived to a shanty town and
she and her
volunteers set up their van-clinic as dozens of children lined up
carrying
their dogs. She says that treating the pets helps the sanitation
of the communities, teaches them about how to care for them. It
was evident that
she also has become an informal social worker in the communities;
she says
that they sometimes find orphans who have lost their parents to
AIDS, and
she helps them find help. The visit with CLAW, the Landless People's
Rally and the March were inspiring things to witness and be a part
of. Action and passion and movement・things hard to see on the Summit
side.
Other highlights: Went up to the fifth floor where the plenary
was happening and saw a familiar man walking ahead of me-- it was
Mandela!!! He and Graca were walking along the corridor!! I caught
up and walked alongside of them,
gawking at Madiba in his classic Madiba shirt・it never occurred
to me to
actually talk to him! Wow. At the landless people's rally I gave
a message of solidarity to the people from us in Canada. That was
pretty intidimating and empowering at the same time, what an adrenaline
rush. Afterwards I sat down next to a white woman ・ and suddenly
I realized she was Maude Barlow. I interviewed her on a pile of
rubble outside the rally. That was great. Being in Africa and the
Summit craziness with my friends-- sharing such a surreal experience
with buddies was amazing. The discussions and ideas that were provoked
were great. I learned so much from them.
Results of the Summit: The negotiations for the Political declaration
and the Plan of Implementation went right to the wire, the JUSCANZ
(Japan, US, Canada, Australia, New Zealand) countries acting as
a block, and the US basically isolating itself against everyone.
When it finally came out, it was 9
o'clock at night, the conference had already ended. People working
on sanitation issues were very happy that the target of halving
the number of people without clean water by 2015 was put into the
Plan of Implementation.
I scanned through the Declaration and realized that the line acknowledging
the Earth Charter (I good document I was on a UN Commission for)
had been cut. A little group of people were gathering, the Human
Rights Caucus, and they called together what press they could to
renounce the document because all acknowledgement and support for
the upholding of human rights had been cut from the declaration.
So, I left with the film crew, feeling quite dejected about the
four page
document, the legacy of the Summit. You can look it up- the Political
Declaration and Plan of Implementation at http://www.johannesburgsummit.org
I don't know what the concrete results of the march was, whether
the South
African government is addressing the demands of the landless people.
I
don't know what the impact of the rally and march was on the Summiteers.
I
just hope that it got media attention to the rest of the world,
showing that
not everyone was represented at the Summit and that real action
is really
needed. Same old issues.
The film will be aired on "the Nature of Things" on January
16th. I'm a bit
nervous about it, I really hope it's a good show!
* * *
I'm now in my home of Vancouver, finally, dealing with the responses
to the
trip and trying to figure out what the heck I'm doing with all this.
After the giant issues of Johannesburg I still really believe in
our Recognition of Responsibility because it's about walking all
this talk!!! We're now at some 500+ signatures. Hey, it's a
start. The comments that people have written on the website are
wonderful. It's pretty encouraging. I also getting ready for my
trip to Japan, which is very exciting. Lots to think about, I wonder
what that trip will bring. Lots to look forward to.
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